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Kanuma and Akadama are both popular soil amendments used in bonsai cultivation, but they have distinct properties and are suited for different types of plants. Here's a detailed comparison and information on how to use Kanuma for bonsai and other plants:
Kanuma
Composition:
- Kanuma is a type of volcanic soil that is highly acidic, with a pH typically ranging from 4.5 to 5.5.
- It is lightweight and has excellent water retention and drainage properties.
Suitable Plants:
- Kanuma is particularly well-suited for acid-loving plants such as azaleas, camellias, and rhododendrons.
- It is also used for other bonsai species that prefer slightly acidic soil conditions.
Usage:
- Preparation: Before using Kanuma, it is often recommended to sift it to remove fine particles and dust. This helps improve aeration and drainage.
- Mixing: Kanuma can be used alone or mixed with other soil components like Akadama, pumice, or lava rock to create a custom soil mix. A common mix for azaleas might be 70% Kanuma and 30% Akadama.
- Potting: When potting or repotting, ensure that the Kanuma is evenly distributed around the roots. Gently tap the pot to settle the soil without compacting it too much.
- Watering: Kanuma retains water well, so be mindful not to overwater. Allow the top layer of soil to dry out slightly between waterings.
Akadama
Composition:
- Akadama is a hard-baked Japanese clay that is neutral to slightly acidic, with a pH typically ranging from 6.0 to 6.5.
- It is heavier than Kanuma and has good water retention and drainage properties, but it tends to break down over time.
Suitable Plants:
- Akadama is versatile and can be used for a wide range of bonsai species, including pines, maples, and junipers.
- It is particularly favored for its ability to provide a stable environment for root growth.
Usage:
- Preparation: Like Kanuma, Akadama should be sifted before use to remove fine particles.
- Mixing: Akadama is often mixed with other components like pumice and lava rock to create a well-draining soil mix. A common mix might be 50% Akadama, 25% pumice, and 25% lava rock.
- Potting: When potting or repotting, ensure that the Akadama is evenly distributed around the roots. Gently tap the pot to settle the soil.
- Watering: Akadama retains water well but also drains efficiently, so it requires regular watering. Monitor the soil moisture closely.
Key Differences
- pH Level:
- Weight:
- Durability:
- Water Retention:
Conclusion
Choosing between Kanuma and Akadama depends on the specific needs of your bonsai or other plants. Kanuma is the go-to for acid-loving species, while Akadama offers versatility for a wider range of plants. Both can be used alone or in combination with other soil components to create the ideal growing medium for your bonsai.
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